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When you have a relative clause starting with “which” or “that”, do you put commas?

  1. Commas are often used for adding information.

Example

The project which received financial support from the World Bank consists of the extraction of oil from three oil fields.


“which received financial support from the World Bank” is additional information.  Therefore, commas are appropriate. 

The project, which received financial support from the World Bank, consists of the extraction of oil from three oil fields.

  • When the information contained in the clause defines or clarifies the other material, no commas are needed.  

Example

The proposal which we submitted in March has been accepted, but the proposal which we submitted in February was rejected.  

(Here, we could also substitute “that” for “which”, which many US writers prefer.) 

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Author: Carol Waites

Presentation/editing by Christina O’Shaughnessy 
https://worldwidewriting.org/

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Carol Waites (PhD)
Email: carolswritingtips@gmail.com
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